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Russian ballet is a form of ballet characteristic of or originating from Russia. ==Imperial Russian Ballet== Until 1689, ballet in Russia was nonexistent. The Tsarist control and isolationism in Russia allowed for little influence from the West. While the West went through the revolutions of “the Reformation, the Renaissance, and science…Russia remained cut off and bound up in the timeless liturgies of the Orthodox faith”.〔Homans (2010), 244.〕 It wasn't until the rise of Peter the Great that Russian society opened up to the West. St. Petersburg was erected to embrace the West and compete against Moscow’s backwardness. Yet the challenge to become “European” collided with the reality of Russian isolationism: “In striking contrast to their west European counterparts, the Russian elite lived unadorned lives: in wooden houses and slept on benches (or on top of the warm stove) and their clothing and manners resembled those of peasants: rough and indecorous. Men coveted long and bushy black beards, which they took to be a sign of godliness and masculinity (God was bearded and women couldn't grow one). Only demons were depicted as clean-shaven. Fancy foreign dress was prohibited, and foreigners living in Moscow were quarantined in their own ‘German Suburb,’ a ghetto of European culture coveted by a few and dismissed by most. Muscovite society was not society in any form recognizable in the West.〔Homans (2010), 244.〕 Peter the Great created a new Russia which rivaled the society of the West with magnificent courts and palaces. His vision was not to bring Russia to the West, but to bring the West to Russia. He created a court system like that in the West through legal edicts and strict rules. In the West art was an evidence of cultural freedom, but in Russia it was a deliberately controlled expression and advancement. “The rules were carefully laid out in ''The Honorable Mirror of Youth'', a compilation of Western courtesy books designed to educate courtiers in the intricacies of refined behavior, including dancing.”〔Homans (2010), 244.〕 Classical ballet entered the realm of Russia not as entertainment, but as a “standard of physical comportment to be emulated and internalized-an idealized way of behaving.”〔Homans (2010), 244.〕 The aim wasn’t to entertain the masses of Russians, but to create a cultivated and new Russian people. In the early 19th century, the theaters were opened up to anyone who could afford a ticket. There was a seating section called a rayok, or 'paradise gallery', that consisted of simple wooden benches. This allowed non-wealthy people access to the ballet, because tickets in this section were inexpensive.〔Roslavleva, Natalia. Era of the Russian Ballet〕 One author describes the Imperial ballet as “unlike that of any other country in the world…the most prestigious of the ballet troupes were those attached to the state-supported theatres. The directors of these companies were personally appointed by the tsar, and all the dancers were, in a sense, Imperial servants. In the theatre, the men in the audience always remained standing until the tsar entered his box and, out of respect, after the performance they remained in their places until he had departed. Curtain calls were arranged according to a strict pattern: first, the ballerina bowed to the tsar’s box, then to that of the theater director, and finally to the general public.〔Anderson (1992), 101.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russian ballet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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